Showing posts with label Twins. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Twins. Show all posts

Friday, September 12, 2008

Heel-Grabbing

Yesterday I pick the boys up from school and Alan's teacher had a smile on her face she was clearly trying to mute. All she explained was that she had mistakenly referred to me as his daddy and Alan had just told her how to tell apart his daddy and his papa. As we walked away, I asked him what made his teacher laugh.

He told me, with his characteristic smirk, that he explained his "daddy is hairy and papa is bald". Very funny, Alan, just like your brother.

Exhibit A:

A picture of us from our California marriage last month. Clearly, I'm not bald; I've distinguished-gentleman thinning, but not bald, right?

Anyway, such distinctions were kind of the theme of yesterday. It's also kind of fitting my last post was on genetic differences in the abilities of humans.

With twins it seems people, us included, can't help but compare no matter how hard we try. They really are very different kids, and I'd actually say, at this point in our family's life, being the parents of twins has added far more complication into the average parenting job than being gay parents.

Our boys were academically evaluated by their teachers yesterday. They are in separate classes just to minimize on their self and peer comparisons; no one wants to be defined by their brother. I have to say putting them in separate classes has been one of the best decisions we've made as parents of twins (thanks to those parents of twins who informed us on this one).

Anyway, they are both the youngest in their classes. We could have held them back, but, when tested, they were ready for kindergarten last year. Trouble is, well, it's probably best explained by the teacher's evaluation from yesterday.

Brian is "at the tippy-top of the class." He's "reading at an 8th grade level" and his reading comprehension is at "a 4th grade level." In short, he's an abnormally smart 6-year-old, especially for being the youngest in his class. He has asked for and keeps a calculator and a dictionary by his bedside. He's a self-motivated reader (not to mention piano practice). He's been corresponding via email with his adult relatives in Moab and his kindergarten teacher all summer. He says he wants to start a blog ("write on the internet") but that's where I've drawn the line.

Alan, he needed tutoring over the summer, but he's keeping up. I don't want to give the impression he's doing poorly; there are older kids lagging behind him. He's at his grade level and, if not for his brother, he'd not notice anything, but the contrast with his brother is apparent to Alan. He gets mad at Brian when he tries to help him with homework. Last month my cousin asked him if he was the "smart one" and Alan answered "No, but I'm more funny" (Note to people who aren't parents of twins: never ask such questions). In truth, he may have fared better if he was the oldest in his grade, but they're both qualified by minimum age and ability to be in 1st grade, and, really, we couldn't split them up in different grades of course; that'd be humiliating.

It probably doesn't help either that humans have been so enthralled with competitive twin stories: Jacob and Esau, Ahura Mazda and Angra Mainyu, Spock and Spock with a goatee. People seem to like such twin narratives so much that asking stuff like "are you the smart one" seems okay.

I guess I'm soliciting parents of twins (or twins) to tell me it'll be okay :-). They're both such special people in their own way, and if they were carbon copies of each other I know our family would miss out on a lot. I know having your abilities come to you easily is not always a blessing either; so what if Alan has to work more? I just fear, being a twin, Alan will never regard himself himself as "the smart one" despite the fact that he is very smart, despite his undeniably quick wit.

(and extra special kudos to anyone who knows why I picked such a silly title)

Thursday, February 01, 2007

Letting the Kids Wonder West of Enoch

Paul asked after this post, here:

“So how are you exposing the boys to religion? ”

I’m taking it as an opportunity to suss things out :-). I did skip the difficult question.

At this age, it’s very basic. What they see everyday is still a bit miraculous and mysterious for them (for me too :-)) and they haven’t shown interest when the topic of the supernatural comes up. We, for example, have talked about the flood story because of a toy ark they have. We’ve talked about grandma’s idea of heaven and God in simple terms. We’ve explained why we are quiet when family prays, and we’ve talked about a couple now-mythical characters, creatures, and Gods. But that’s the extent for now.

When they gain more interest and sophistication, though, I do plan on exposing them in depth to the various religious notions to which I’ve been exposed (well, edited for age, as some of those religious texts can be a bit PG-13 in parts). One of the largest sections of our family library is actually religious texts and modern books on such faiths. I still enjoy reading them and will actively encourage our boys to as well.

But I want to approach this area the way my parents did. My dad is now an atheist, and my mom a deist, but I’ve never felt they’d be disappointed in me for my inquiry or any of my beliefs. Looking back, they must have been bighting their tongues in some places, but from my LDS days to the new agey stuff I felt nothing but support.

I want to let our boys feel they have that; that they can wonder and don’t need to have our views on the supernatural, absolutely not for our love. I also want them to work for it. This is one area where they should not have us hand it to them; they should struggle, succeed, and fail. I’ll certainly answer any question the way I see it, but with the disclaimer and encouragement for them to question.

Advocating freedom and inquiry as much as is safe here seems to me the best way for them to create a strong sense of self and of an earned place in their metaphysics. I think it also fosters greater responsibility for their views and a better ability to free themselves from the psychological snares the camps of human belief tend to build, even those we may unknowingly set. Most importantly, I think such can give them the best odds of approaching the right answer I’m presuming is out there ;-).

It may sound too hands off, but, when I think of my parents, it’s something for which I’m thankful. If I didn’t feel it was okay to try my hand, I fear I may be in a bad place today, not knowing "what if I tried…" I also look at the families I know who’ve been forceful here, and can see some negative results, seemingly as a consiquence.

Often here, though, the question of ethics comes up (Not that you’re bringing it up, Paul, but I’m in motion here :-)). I’ve known many to imagine, if they didn’t have a faith, they’d do all sorts of horrible things. I certainly find that troubling (for those they interact with…) as I don’t think such is or should be necessary for ethics and ethics should survive a person’s loss of faith. Religion does help some, but I think the most valuable morals are those you keep for their sake. I trust a man who is good because he enjoys being good, not so much a man who’s good for fear of punishment or hope of reward aside from the act itself, and the former are the sort of ethical motivations I hope to teach our children, regardless of their religion.

But here is the complicated part, or more complicated. I’ve a serious responsibility here, to make sure my children are ethical, compassionate, fair and so on with the rest of you all, with your children, for everyone’s sake. But religions are in that business too, and some of them take a while to incorporate humanity’s modern moral discoveries and are consequently not always so fair or compassionate. Simply, we may clash, depending on the faiths our boys pick up.

I can certainly see this could be far more complicated for our family, in particular. Lines may have to be drawn (I suppose they were for me as well; I’m near sure I couldn’t have, say, sacrificed a chicken in my bedroom if I had taken up Santeria :-)). After all, the most predominant religion around us would, in a way, ask them to disrespect their home, think of their family as at least second class and doomed in some eternal way. They could harm some of their peers, and themselves, and everyone in our home by taking up such faith. I mean, teaching a child their parents, by being a couple, being affectionate with each other, and even creating their family and perhaps life (?), are conducting "perversion" and "grievous sins" "equal to or greater than that of fornication or adultery" (in the words of the leadership), is something I’d have to defend against.

In fact, it does keep me up sometimes, worrying such ideas could get between us, could dissolve their connection to their family, or undermine their morals, by putting their parent’s union and their family on the same level (or lower than) actions such as cheating. There will be abnormally strong pressure on them to enter the such faith from friends to neighbors to some extended family, and I fear where that could lead us.

Still, while it would worry me, I certainly couldn’t forbid them from making such a move. I'd go to their baptism (it would kill me that we’d not be allowed in to their wedding)... But don't ask me to pay for BYU tuition :-). In any faith they could still have more inclusive views than their leaders, as R’s parents do. But, if they did begin to attack their own family for it, or anyone else for that matter, there’d be a limit; I'd see that destructive action as where my responsibility to somehow get in the way comes in.

Ug, now I’m stressed… Thank goodness we’ve some year to prepare, and for hearts to soften a bit more. Still, I must say, in truth, I’m pretty confident if any faith does get between us it’ll be temporary; I feel I know them and us at least that well :-).

Lastly, Paul asked if we attend services today. Not regularly, to be sure. We were married by the Unitarians, and have gone there for a regular periods, irregularly. We’ve gone to some Episcopal events and sermons as well within the last coupe years. I like both of the churches and congregations. If it were necessary, we’d probably stick with the Unitarians.

But we’ve not really found much reason for it, for us. I’ve heard the reasons many others give, even atheists, as to why they attend a church, but they don’t much apply to us. I’ve explained my view on imparting ethics, but, in addition to that, we already have a large community of friends for social support. As far as family goes, to attend most services means taking that time away from family for us, as Sunday is spent near all day with extended family (the heathen side, mostly, but the others drop by too :-)). In addition, we have numerous volunteer activities to take care of that need. But, importantly, in the case of, say, the Episcopals, we don’t believe much of what’s being presented as fact, and, though we do appreciate the intent and the message often, being there feels like an endorsement of what we see as very likely false, even if they’d not care and are gracious enough to have us there anyway.

Besides, none of us could sing a hymn on key to save our lives.

Friday, January 05, 2007

Non-identical and Identical Identicals

In preparing our new site I got sidetracked looking at twin data. As a gay man and a father of fraternal twins, it interests me (and some of the numbers are just funny). The following data, if a single percentile, are hereditability figures. Thus 100% would mean the trait is completely genetically hereditable. Some other data below comes in concordance form and so the identical twin concordance (siblings with the same genes ) is first and the fraternal twin (siblings with different genes) is second. Thus, if the identical twin’s concordance is 100% and the fraternal is 0% one could near safely say genetics is the cause of the trait.

Eye color: 87% (1)
It surprised me this isn’t nearer 100%. I mean, I was under the impression, if it's not genetic, then it's a choice... ;-) Why are people choosing their eye color to be different from their twin?
Crypts in eye: 75% (1)
Those are specks in your brother’s eye…

Height: 88% (2)
Weight: 88% (2)


Left Handedness: 15% vs. 9% (3) (concordance)
See this post for more on handedness , or about my disdain for those who practice such a lifestyle here.

Onset of Puberty: 50-80% (4)
The important trigger to most of our realizations and experiences of our sexual orientations, gay or straight.

Depression: 39% (5)

Chance of Stroke: 32% (6)
Stroke Hospitalization: 17% (6)
Prostate Cancer: 19% vs 4% (7) (concordance)

I’m surprised that last one is so low.

Opinion and Personality:
All the following are from reference 8, and all are concordance numbers for identical vs fraternal twins. Also, I’ve just picked the interesting ones out and there are more if if you’d like to look at the paper.

Death Penalty Opinion: 45% vs 33%
Open-door immigration: 47% vs 20%
Separate Roles For Men and Women: 27% vs. 26%

Odd, seems little genetic involvement in gender role opinion...
Voluntary euthanasia: 45% vs 21%
Making racial discrimination illegal 37% vs. 1%
(Big difference here)
Capitalism 41% vs. 19%
Abortion on demand 53% vs. 28%
Easy access to birth control 24% vs. 27%
(Now why would that be?)
Organized religion 43% vs. 21%
Castration as punishment for sex crimes 39% vs. 29%

Doing Crossword puzzles: 46% vs 11% (Hey, that’s near the numbers for homosexuality :-))

Personality:
Being the leader of groups 40% vs. 8%
Being assertive 28% vs. 27%
Humble 60% vs. 27%
Ambitious 46% vs. 24%
Aggressive 27% vs. 09%
Dominant 24% vs. 12%
Exhibitionistic 44% vs. 23%
Fearful 26 % vs. 01%
(seems there’s a big genetic effect in anxiety?)
Obliging 11 % vs. 18%
Inquiring 22% vs. 13%


Athletic 60% vs. 27%
Physically Strong 52% vs. 21%

GPA: 61% vs 25%
Level of Education: 82% vs 57%

Political and Social attitude in all: 36% (8) hereditability when all opinions are averaged.
Political and Social attitude in all from a different, repeat study: 18-41% (9) (depending on the particular issue from abortion to immigration)
Being a Republican: 36% :-) (9)
A Socialist: 36%

Isn’t that a pretty big hereditability for something we take as stridently as politics :-)?

And finally:
Gay Rights: 28% genetic hereditability in opinion on gay rights. LOL, Some just can’t help being queer lovers or homophobes; they’re born that way :-).

References:
1. Larsson, M., N. L. Pedersen, et al. (2003). "Importance of genetic effects for characteristics of the human iris." Twin Research 6(3): 192-200.
2. Carmichael, C. M. and M. McGue (1995). "A cross-sectional examination of height, weight, and body mass index in adult twins." Journal of Gerontology Series A: Biological and Medical Sciences 50(4): B237-B244.
3. Sicotte, N., R. Woods, et al. (1999). "Handedness in Twins: A Meta-analysis." Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain, and Cognition 4(3): 265-286.
4. Palmert, M. R. and P. A. Boepple (2001). "Variation in the Timing of Puberty: Clinical Spectrum and Genetic Investigation." The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 86(6): 2365-2368.
5. Kendler, K. S. and C. A. Prescott (1999). "A Population-Based Twin Study of Lifetime Major Depression in Men and Women." Archives of General Psychiatry 56: 39-44.
6. Bak, S., D. Gaist, et al. (2002). "Genetic liability in stroke: a long-term follow-up study of Danish twins." Stroke 33(3): 769-774.
7. Gronberg, H., L. Damber, et al. (1994). "Studies of genetic factors in prostate cancer in a twin population." Journal or Urology 152(5): 1484-1489.
8. Olson, J. M., P. A. Vernon, et al. (2001). "The Heritability of Attitudes: A Study of Twins." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 80(6): 845-860.
9. Alford, J. R., C. L. Funk, et al. (2005). "Are Political Orientations Genetically Transmitted?" American Political Science Review 99(2): 153-167.